An extremely strange object

NASA has published a study on one of the strangest objects in the known universe, perhaps the strange thing falls a bit short, because it should not exist, at least according to the laws of nature that we know, although we know of the visible universe very little of the entire universe, perhaps the laws of nature can be more complicated and strange than we think.

The object is 10 million times brighter than the sun, there are objects much brighter than the sun, they can be rare stars or black hole environments where matter is subjected to extreme speeds and energies before falling into the black hole, at those objects are called ultraluminous x-ray sources, or ulx.

They are objects or places that put the laws of physics to the limit and here some of them can become 100 times or even 500 times brighter than they should, there is what is known as the edington limit calculated by sirartzur Stanley edington, an English astronomer who worked in the first half of the 20th century, the Eddington limit is the maximum luminosity that a body such as a star can reach when there is a balance between the radiation force that acts outward and the gravitational force that acts inward, the equilibrium state is called hydrostatic equilibrium.

This is because the particles of light called photons exert a small push on the objects they find in their path, it is what, for example, allows spaceships to function with solar sails or light sails, but if the push of the photons outwards the gravity that pulls inwards is overcome, the object begins to lose mass and in these strange ultraluminous cases, that limit is exceeded 100 and up to 500 times more, the object cannot be so luminous, it would simply have to explode with such luminosity, it should not exist.

We should see a final Explosion Flash nothing more and yet, the ulx exist and they are not new, they have been known for years, although initially it was thought that it was a failure in the measurement systems, that it was some error or a failure was caught , but later it was found that there were no glitches, that they were really extremely luminous, so scientists began to think that ulx must be strange things, for example, black holes surrounded by glowing chests of gas, envelopes of gas undergoing speeds and extreme energies, because black holes are strange places where strange things happen.

But in 2014 data from the NuSTAR X-ray space telescope revealed that an ulx existed, one specifically named M82 X-2 that was not a black hole, it was a much less massive object, an object called a neutron star, just like that black holes neutron stars form when a star dies and collapses, but a neutron star does not have as much mass as a black hole, yet it still packs more mass than our sun into a sphere about 20 kilometers in diameter .

Matter is so tightly packed, it's so compressed that it's basically made up of neutrons, neutron stars are surrounded by a solid iron shell, a cube the size of a sugar bean inside a neutron star would weigh about 100 million tons here on earth about the weight of a quarter of all humanity, according to the NASA statement M82 X-2 is so brutally bright that it will break the Edington boundary completely, but according to this statement there is a possible explanation, and it is that the neutron star is so dense that it also has a very high gravity up to about 100 trillion times higher than the earth.

This gravity is so intense that it means that any material brought to the surface of the neutron star would have an explosive effect, which according to NASA produces the high-energy x-ray light that Buster has detected. NASA a marshmallow dropped on the surface of a neutron star would hit it with the energy of a thousand hydrogen bombs.

So the explanation, according to new calculations recently published in The Astrophysical Journal, is that the super luminosity we see from this object is actually an explosive but constant effect because M82 X-2 is stealing material from a neighboring star, material equivalent to one and a half times the mass of the earth that for one year, if a marshmallow produces an energy of 1000 pardon 100 hydrogen bombs imagine the energy that can be released by throwing the small neutron star one and a half times the Earth mass.

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